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    External SD Card

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    sd card
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    • M Offline
      Manju2391
      last edited by

      I got it working with SDIO bus but is it possible over shared SPI bus?

      L 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
      • L Offline
        livius @Manju2391
        last edited by livius

        @manju2391
        If you look below you find link

        But if you really need to use some SPI based module (I will see need for this only when you need more then one SD card) then try this
        https://github.com/pycom/pycom-micropython-sigfox/tree/master/drivers/sdcard

        but i haven't used it and cannot say more about it.

        think about people first, then computers

        M 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
        • M Offline
          Manju2391 @livius
          last edited by

          This post is deleted!
          1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
          • M Offline
            Manju2391
            last edited by

            @livius
            Yes I did import the library and when tried to test it but i'm getting this error

            import machine, sdcard, os
            from machine import SPI
            from machine import Pin

            spi = SPI(0, mode=SPI.MASTER, baudrate=2000000, polarity=0, phase=0, pins=('P19','P20','P21'))
            CS = Pin('P10', mode=Pin.OUT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP)
            sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin('P22'))

            Traceback (most recent call last):
            File "<stdin>", line 9, in <module>
            File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 54, in init
            File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 79, in init_card
            File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 133, in cmd
            AttributeError: 'Pin' object has no attribute 'low'

            MicroPython v1.8.6-839-g536c958c on 2017-11-15; LoPy with ESP32
            Type "help()" for more information.

            L 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
            • L Offline
              livius @Manju2391
              last edited by

              @manju2391
              you must addapt it to pycom sources
              instead low() write value(0)

              think about people first, then computers

              robert-hhR 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
              • robert-hhR Offline
                robert-hh @livius
                last edited by

                @livius And value(1) instead of high().
                That was a confusing change in the API, which broke a lot of code.

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                • M Offline
                  Manju2391 @robert-hh
                  last edited by

                  @robert-hh @livius
                  I did change the values according to pycom sources but still its not liking it. I'm getting this error
                  File "/flash/sd.py", line 9
                  File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 54, in_init_
                  File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 79, in init_card
                  File "/flash/lib/sdcard.py", line 147, in cmd
                  Typeerror: extra positional arguments given

                  robert-hhR 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                  • robert-hhR Offline
                    robert-hh @Manju2391
                    last edited by

                    @manju2391 It seems that this library is a little bit outdated. I know that I used this on an esp8266, and it worked. And the version on the micropython.org site seems to be a little bit more recent. (https://github.com/micropython/micropython/tree/master/drivers/sdcard). I can check, but not before the evening, which is in about 8 hours.

                    M 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                    • M Offline
                      Manju2391 @robert-hh
                      last edited by

                      @robert-hh
                      Is there any possibility to interface the SD card over shared SPI bus without using any
                      libraries? I have been getting my head around the SPI module from last week and I haven't got it yet. Not a problem @robert-hh you can let me know how it goes after testing

                      robert-hhR 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                      • robert-hhR Offline
                        robert-hh @Manju2391
                        last edited by robert-hh

                        @manju2391 I tried that driver, and I got it to the point where it showed some activity. The code is below. The sdcard SPI is connected to:
                        P9 (SS), P10(Clk), P11(MOSI) and P12 (MISO). It is started with:

                        import sdcard, machine, os
                        
                        sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9"))
                        os.mount(sd, "/card")
                        

                        But it is very unstable, runs at low speed only, and data read from the card contains the byte sequence "\x7f\x04" here and there. And sometimes lopy simply crashed. So it's nothing really usable at the moment.
                        I tried that with two different SD card adapters. One with embedded bus drivers, which is like the one you have, and one which is simply wiring. The latter runs well when connected to the genuine SD card pins of the xxPy, using the built-in SD card module.

                        """
                        MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus.
                        
                        Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin.  Provides readblocks and writeblocks
                        methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem.
                        
                        Example usage on xxPy:
                        
                            import machine, sdcard, os
                            sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9"))
                            os.mount(sd, '/sd2')
                            os.listdir('/sd2')
                        
                        
                        """
                        
                        from micropython import const
                        import time
                        
                        
                        _CMD_TIMEOUT = const(100)
                        
                        _R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0)
                        #R1_ERASE_RESET = const(1 << 1)
                        _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2)
                        #R1_COM_CRC_ERROR = const(1 << 3)
                        #R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR = const(1 << 4)
                        #R1_ADDRESS_ERROR = const(1 << 5)
                        #R1_PARAMETER_ERROR = const(1 << 6)
                        _TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xfc)
                        _TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xfd)
                        _TOKEN_DATA = const(0xfe)
                        
                        
                        class SDCard:
                            def __init__(self, spi, cs):
                                self.spi = spi
                                self.cs = cs
                        
                                self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6)
                                self.dummybuf = bytearray(512)
                                for i in range(512):
                                    self.dummybuf[i] = 0xff
                                self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf)
                        
                                # initialise the card
                                self.init_card()
                        
                            def init_spi(self, baudrate):
                                master = self.spi.MASTER
                                self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0)
                        
                            def init_card(self):
                                # init CS pin
                                self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1)
                        
                                # init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialisation
                                self.init_spi(100000)
                        
                                # clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high
                                for i in range(16):
                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                                # CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts)
                                for _ in range(5):
                                    if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                        break
                                else:
                                    raise OSError("no SD card")
                        
                                # CMD8: determine card version
                                r = self.cmd(8, 0x01aa, 0x87, 4)
                                if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                    self.init_card_v2()
                                elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND):
                                    self.init_card_v1()
                                else:
                                    raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version")
                        
                                # get the number of sectors
                                # CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read)
                                if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0:
                                    raise OSError("no response from SD card")
                                csd = bytearray(16)
                                self.readinto(csd)
                                if csd[0] & 0xc0 != 0x40:
                                    raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported")
                                self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 2014
                                #print('sectors', self.sectors)
                        
                                # CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes
                                if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0:
                                    raise OSError("can't set 512 block size")
                        
                                # set to high data rate now that it's initialised
                                #self.init_spi(100000)
                                #self.init_spi(40000000)
                        
                            def init_card_v1(self):
                                for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                    self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                    if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0:
                                        self.cdv = 512
                                        #print("[SDCard] v1 card")
                                        return
                                raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card")
                        
                            def init_card_v2(self):
                                for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                    time.sleep_ms(50)
                                    self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                    self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                    if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0:
                                        self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                        self.cdv = 1
                                        #print("[SDCard] v2 card")
                                        return
                                raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card")
                        
                            def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True):
                                self.cs(0)
                        
                                # create and send the command
                                buf = self.cmdbuf
                                buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd
                                buf[1] = arg >> 24
                                buf[2] = arg >> 16
                                buf[3] = arg >> 8
                                buf[4] = arg
                                buf[5] = crc
                                self.spi.write(buf)
                        
                                # wait for the response (response[7] == 0)
                                for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                    response = self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0]
                                    if not (response & 0x80):
                                        # this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here
                                        for j in range(final):
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        if release:
                                            self.cs(1)
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return response
                        
                                # timeout
                                self.cs(1)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                return -1
                        
                            def cmd_nodata(self, cmd):
                                self.spi.write(cmd)
                                self.spi.read(1, write=0xff) # ignore stuff byte
                                for _ in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                    if self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] == 0xff:
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return 0    # OK
                                self.cs(1)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                return 1 # timeout
                        
                            def readinto(self, buf):
                                self.cs(0)
                        
                                # read until start byte (0xff)
                                while self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] != 0xfe:
                                    pass
                        
                                # read data
                                mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview[:len(buf)]
                                self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf)
                        
                                # read checksum
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                                self.cs(1)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                            def write(self, token, buf):
                                self.cs(0)
                        
                                # send: start of block, data, checksum
                                self.spi.read(1, token)
                                self.spi.write(buf)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                                # check the response
                                if (self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] & 0x1f) != 0x05:
                                    self.cs(1)
                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                    return
                        
                                # wait for write to finish
                                while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0:
                                    pass
                        
                                self.cs(1)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                            def write_token(self, token):
                                self.cs(0)
                                self.spi.read(1, token)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                # wait for write to finish
                                while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0x00:
                                    pass
                        
                                self.cs(1)
                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                        
                            def count(self):
                                return self.sectors
                        
                            def readblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                if nblocks == 1:
                                    # CMD17: set read address for single block
                                    if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                        return 1
                                    # receive the data
                                    self.readinto(buf)
                                else:
                                    # CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks
                                    if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                        return 1
                                    offset = 0
                                    mv = memoryview(buf)
                                    while nblocks:
                                        self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                        offset += 512
                                        nblocks -= 1
                                    return self.cmd_nodata(b'\x0c') # cmd 12
                                return 0
                        
                            def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                if nblocks == 1:
                                    # CMD24: set write address for single block
                                    if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                        return 1
                        
                                    # send the data
                                    self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf)
                                else:
                                    # CMD25: set write address for first block
                                    if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                        return 1
                                    # send the data
                                    offset = 0
                                    mv = memoryview(buf)
                                    while nblocks:
                                        self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                        offset += 512
                                        nblocks -= 1
                                    self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN)
                                return 0
                        
                        M N 2 Replies Last reply Reply Quote 1
                        • M Offline
                          Manju2391 @robert-hh
                          last edited by

                          @robert-hh
                          Thanks for your reply robert and I'll try working on it today and will post if anything crashes up and I have one more doubt regarding the WLAN access point. I have created an access point and I want to connect to my AP whenever the boot.py loads up. I can connect as a station but not as an access point i tried using this syntax but whenever it boots up it's looking for wlan AP but couldn't find it and goes to deep sleep mode. My network is up and it runs when I run it externally but not during boot up.

                          from network import WLAN

                          wlan.init(mode=WLAN.STA_AP,ssid='AP')
                          wlan.init(ssid='AP',auth=(WLAN.WPA2,'xxxx'))
                          print(wlan.ifconfig())

                          Is the above syntax right?

                          robert-hhR 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                          • robert-hhR Offline
                            robert-hh @Manju2391
                            last edited by

                            @manju2391 About WLAN: It could look like:

                            from network import WLAN
                            
                            wlan = WLAN(mode=WLAN.STA_AP)
                            wlan.connect(ssid='AP',auth=(WLAN.WPA2, 'xxxx'))
                            # from here on it's optional. It just takes a few moments to connect
                            for _ in range (200):
                                if wlan.isconnected():
                                    print(wlan.ifconfig())
                                    break
                                else:
                                    time.sleep_ms(50)
                            else:
                                print("Could not connect")
                            
                            M 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                            • M Offline
                              Manju2391 @robert-hh
                              last edited by

                              @robert-hh

                              I tried using SPI bus it is very slow. I had designed the pcb with spi pins but looks like it is not best so I’m just using the SDIO pins and changed the pcb. About the WLAN when I define wlan initially it is asking me for ap ssid at first I get an error saying ap ssid not given. I get the IP address when run locally and it connects to FileZilla but when it boots for the STA_AP it doesn’t print the IP address nor it connects to WLAN. It will be in idle state. I don’t know why it’s not connecting. I’m wondering should we create a station first and then an AP?

                              1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                              • N Offline
                                nathanh @robert-hh
                                last edited by nathanh

                                @robert-hh said in External SD Card:

                                """
                                MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus.
                                
                                Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin.  Provides readblocks and writeblocks
                                methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem.
                                
                                Example usage on xxPy:
                                
                                    import machine, sdcard, os
                                    sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9"))
                                    os.mount(sd, '/sd2')
                                    os.listdir('/sd2')
                                
                                
                                """
                                
                                from micropython import const
                                import time
                                
                                
                                _CMD_TIMEOUT = const(100)
                                
                                _R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0)
                                #R1_ERASE_RESET = const(1 << 1)
                                _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2)
                                #R1_COM_CRC_ERROR = const(1 << 3)
                                #R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR = const(1 << 4)
                                #R1_ADDRESS_ERROR = const(1 << 5)
                                #R1_PARAMETER_ERROR = const(1 << 6)
                                _TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xfc)
                                _TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xfd)
                                _TOKEN_DATA = const(0xfe)
                                
                                
                                class SDCard:
                                    def __init__(self, spi, cs):
                                        self.spi = spi
                                        self.cs = cs
                                
                                        self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6)
                                        self.dummybuf = bytearray(512)
                                        for i in range(512):
                                            self.dummybuf[i] = 0xff
                                        self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf)
                                
                                        # initialise the card
                                        self.init_card()
                                
                                    def init_spi(self, baudrate):
                                        master = self.spi.MASTER
                                        self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0)
                                
                                    def init_card(self):
                                        # init CS pin
                                        self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1)
                                
                                        # init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialisation
                                        self.init_spi(100000)
                                
                                        # clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high
                                        for i in range(16):
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        # CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts)
                                        for _ in range(5):
                                            if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                                break
                                        else:
                                            raise OSError("no SD card")
                                
                                        # CMD8: determine card version
                                        r = self.cmd(8, 0x01aa, 0x87, 4)
                                        if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                            self.init_card_v2()
                                        elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND):
                                            self.init_card_v1()
                                        else:
                                            raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version")
                                
                                        # get the number of sectors
                                        # CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read)
                                        if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0:
                                            raise OSError("no response from SD card")
                                        csd = bytearray(16)
                                        self.readinto(csd)
                                        if csd[0] & 0xc0 != 0x40:
                                            raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported")
                                        self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 2014
                                        #print('sectors', self.sectors)
                                
                                        # CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes
                                        if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0:
                                            raise OSError("can't set 512 block size")
                                
                                        # set to high data rate now that it's initialised
                                        #self.init_spi(100000)
                                        #self.init_spi(40000000)
                                
                                    def init_card_v1(self):
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                            if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0:
                                                self.cdv = 512
                                                #print("[SDCard] v1 card")
                                                return
                                        raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card")
                                
                                    def init_card_v2(self):
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            time.sleep_ms(50)
                                            self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                            self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                            if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0:
                                                self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                                self.cdv = 1
                                                #print("[SDCard] v2 card")
                                                return
                                        raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card")
                                
                                    def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # create and send the command
                                        buf = self.cmdbuf
                                        buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd
                                        buf[1] = arg >> 24
                                        buf[2] = arg >> 16
                                        buf[3] = arg >> 8
                                        buf[4] = arg
                                        buf[5] = crc
                                        self.spi.write(buf)
                                
                                        # wait for the response (response[7] == 0)
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            response = self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0]
                                            if not (response & 0x80):
                                                # this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here
                                                for j in range(final):
                                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                if release:
                                                    self.cs(1)
                                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                return response
                                
                                        # timeout
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return -1
                                
                                    def cmd_nodata(self, cmd):
                                        self.spi.write(cmd)
                                        self.spi.read(1, write=0xff) # ignore stuff byte
                                        for _ in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            if self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] == 0xff:
                                                self.cs(1)
                                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                return 0    # OK
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return 1 # timeout
                                
                                    def readinto(self, buf):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # read until start byte (0xff)
                                        while self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] != 0xfe:
                                            pass
                                
                                        # read data
                                        mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview[:len(buf)]
                                        self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf)
                                
                                        # read checksum
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def write(self, token, buf):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # send: start of block, data, checksum
                                        self.spi.read(1, token)
                                        self.spi.write(buf)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        # check the response
                                        if (self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] & 0x1f) != 0x05:
                                            self.cs(1)
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                            return
                                
                                        # wait for write to finish
                                        while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0:
                                            pass
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def write_token(self, token):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                        self.spi.read(1, token)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        # wait for write to finish
                                        while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0x00:
                                            pass
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def count(self):
                                        return self.sectors
                                
                                    def readblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                        nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                        assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                        if nblocks == 1:
                                            # CMD17: set read address for single block
                                            if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            # receive the data
                                            self.readinto(buf)
                                        else:
                                            # CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks
                                            if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            offset = 0
                                            mv = memoryview(buf)
                                            while nblocks:
                                                self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                                offset += 512
                                                nblocks -= 1
                                            return self.cmd_nodata(b'\x0c') # cmd 12
                                        return 0
                                
                                    def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                        nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                        assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                        if nblocks == 1:
                                            # CMD24: set write address for single block
                                            if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                
                                            # send the data
                                            self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf)
                                        else:
                                            # CMD25: set write address for first block
                                            if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            # send the data
                                            offset = 0
                                            mv = memoryview(buf)
                                            while nblocks:
                                                self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                                offset += 512
                                                nblocks -= 1
                                            self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN)
                                        return 0
                                

                                I know this is a bit old but I just got an SD card module (https://www.sparkfun.com/products/13743) and was trying to get it working with my FiPy. I was running into a lot of issues but was able to make some headway using the library you pasted @robert-hh and thought I would share my results in case other people wanted to get it working.

                                However, I did have some errors with the library and had to make the following changes:

                                • The pins you used are not the default pins for the SPI init call. So I created my own SPI instance with the pin allocation you had in the post (since I already had them like that) and passed that instance into the SDCard constructor rather than machine.SPI(0). I also removed the additional spi init calls.

                                • I had to set the SPI baudrate to 1000000 instead of 100000

                                • I had to declare the CS pin as an instance outside of the library and pass it in similar to the SPI above.

                                • The command to check idle state at the start of the library self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) would never return a value of 1. I don't know where the reference of these commands were but testing the other commands manually all returned values as expected. So I commented out the entire block that checks for the SD card or raises the 'no SD card' error. I found that I still need to run this command regardless, I get the same set of (4?) different values that repeat each time it is called. They never equal 1 but I let the code continue and command out the error block. Not calling the 0x95 command will not allow the next set of command to work correctly.

                                Doing the above I have gotten my external SD card board working fine with the FiPy. For reference below are my library and how I call it.

                                """
                                MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus.
                                
                                Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin.  Provides readblocks and writeblocks
                                methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem.
                                
                                Example usage on xxPy:
                                
                                    import machine, sdcard, os
                                    sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9"))
                                    os.mount(sd, '/sd2')
                                    os.listdir('/sd2')
                                
                                
                                """
                                
                                from micropython import const
                                import time
                                
                                
                                _CMD_TIMEOUT = const(100)
                                
                                _R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0)
                                #R1_ERASE_RESET = const(1 << 1)
                                _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2)
                                #R1_COM_CRC_ERROR = const(1 << 3)
                                #R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR = const(1 << 4)
                                #R1_ADDRESS_ERROR = const(1 << 5)
                                #R1_PARAMETER_ERROR = const(1 << 6)
                                _TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xfc)
                                _TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xfd)
                                _TOKEN_DATA = const(0xfe)
                                
                                
                                class SDCard:
                                    def __init__(self, spi, cs):
                                        self.spi = spi
                                        self.cs = cs
                                
                                        self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6)
                                        self.dummybuf = bytearray(512)
                                        for i in range(512):
                                            self.dummybuf[i] = 0xff
                                        self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf)
                                
                                        # initialise the card
                                        self.init_card()
                                
                                    def init_spi(self, baudrate):
                                        master = self.spi.MASTER
                                        self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0)
                                
                                    def init_card(self):
                                        # init CS pin        
                                        #self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=0)
                                
                                        # init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialisation
                                        #self.init_spi(100000)
                                
                                        # clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high
                                        for i in range(16):
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        # CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts)
                                        
                                        for _ in range(5):
                                            if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                                break
                                        '''
                                        else:
                                            raise OSError("no SD card")
                                        '''
                                
                                        # CMD8: determine card version
                                        r = self.cmd(8, 0x01aa, 0x87, 4)
                                        if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
                                            self.init_card_v2()
                                        elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND):
                                            self.init_card_v1()
                                        else:
                                            raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version")
                                
                                        # get the number of sectors
                                        # CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read)
                                        if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0:
                                            raise OSError("no response from SD card")
                                        csd = bytearray(16)
                                        self.readinto(csd)
                                        if csd[0] & 0xc0 != 0x40:
                                            raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported")
                                        self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 2014
                                        #print('sectors', self.sectors)
                                
                                        # CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes
                                        if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0:
                                            raise OSError("can't set 512 block size")
                                
                                        # set to high data rate now that it's initialised
                                        #self.init_spi(100000)
                                        #self.init_spi(40000000)
                                
                                    def init_card_v1(self):
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                            if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0:
                                                self.cdv = 512
                                                #print("[SDCard] v1 card")
                                                return
                                        raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card")
                                
                                    def init_card_v2(self):
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            time.sleep_ms(50)
                                            self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                            self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
                                            if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0:
                                                self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
                                                self.cdv = 1
                                                #print("[SDCard] v2 card")
                                                return
                                        raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card")
                                
                                    def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # create and send the command
                                        buf = self.cmdbuf
                                        buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd
                                        buf[1] = arg >> 24
                                        buf[2] = arg >> 16
                                        buf[3] = arg >> 8
                                        buf[4] = arg
                                        buf[5] = crc
                                        self.spi.write(buf)
                                
                                        # wait for the response (response[7] == 0)
                                        for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            response = self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0]           
                                            if not (response & 0x80):                
                                                # this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here
                                                for j in range(final):
                                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                if release:
                                                    self.cs(1)
                                                    self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                return response
                                
                                        # timeout
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return -1
                                
                                    def cmd_nodata(self, cmd):
                                        self.spi.write(cmd)
                                        self.spi.read(1, write=0xff) # ignore stuff byte
                                        for _ in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
                                            if self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] == 0xff:
                                                self.cs(1)
                                                self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                                return 0    # OK
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        return 1 # timeout
                                
                                    def readinto(self, buf):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # read until start byte (0xff)
                                        while self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] != 0xfe:
                                            pass
                                
                                        # read data
                                        mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview[:len(buf)]
                                        self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf)
                                
                                        # read checksum
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def write(self, token, buf):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                
                                        # send: start of block, data, checksum
                                        self.spi.read(1, token)
                                        self.spi.write(buf)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                        # check the response
                                        if (self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] & 0x1f) != 0x05:
                                            self.cs(1)
                                            self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                            return
                                
                                        # wait for write to finish
                                        while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0:
                                            pass
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def write_token(self, token):
                                        self.cs(0)
                                        self.spi.read(1, token)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                        # wait for write to finish
                                        while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0x00:
                                            pass
                                
                                        self.cs(1)
                                        self.spi.write(b'\xff')
                                
                                    def count(self):
                                        return self.sectors
                                
                                    def readblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                        nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                        assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                        if nblocks == 1:
                                            # CMD17: set read address for single block
                                            if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            # receive the data
                                            self.readinto(buf)
                                        else:
                                            # CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks
                                            if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            offset = 0
                                            mv = memoryview(buf)
                                            while nblocks:
                                                self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                                offset += 512
                                                nblocks -= 1
                                            return self.cmd_nodata(b'\x0c') # cmd 12
                                        return 0
                                
                                    def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf):
                                        nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
                                        assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid'
                                        if nblocks == 1:
                                            # CMD24: set write address for single block
                                            if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                
                                            # send the data
                                            self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf)
                                        else:
                                            # CMD25: set write address for first block
                                            if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
                                                return 1
                                            # send the data
                                            offset = 0
                                            mv = memoryview(buf)
                                            while nblocks:
                                                self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512])
                                                offset += 512
                                                nblocks -= 1
                                            self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN)
                                        return 0
                                
                                from machine import SPI
                                from machine import Pin
                                import machine, sdcard, os
                                spi = SPI(0, mode=SPI.MASTER, baudrate=1000000, polarity=0, phase=0, pins=('P10','P11','P12'))
                                cs = Pin('P9', Pin.OUT)
                                sd = sdcard.SDCard(spi, cs)
                                os.mount(sd, "/card")
                                

                                I could probably tidy up the library to initialise the SPI and CS properly internally but this got me going at least.

                                1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 1
                                • E Offline
                                  Edward Dimmack @jmarcelino
                                  last edited by

                                  @jmarcelino Would this wiring work?

                                  0_1549934788017_aba064d6-d4e9-4383-86bc-da3e0aafb20a-image.png

                                  robert-hhR 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                  • robert-hhR Offline
                                    robert-hh @Edward Dimmack
                                    last edited by

                                    @edward-dimmack That should work. I'm using this wiring on my homebrew interface boards.

                                    1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 1

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