FFI Lib module not found



  • Hi, I'm looking for a library.
    Name: ffi.lib

    for an i2c script I need the module:
    import fcntl # used to access I2C parameters like addresses

    I found this module. but missing if I want to load this ffi

    it always comes the error message the module ffi can not be found.

    I have already installed ffilib. but without success.

    import uio # used to create file streams
    import fcntl # used to access I2C parameters like addresses
    import time # used for sleep delay and timestamps
    import string # helps parse strings

    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<stdin>", line 2, in <module>
    ImportError: no module named 'ffi'



  • Thank you for the answer. I want to adapt this raspberrypi script to my Pycom WiPy. but I stuck ... :-(

    #!/usr/bin/python
    
    import io         # used to create file streams
    import fcntl      # used to access I2C parameters like addresses
    
    import time       # used for sleep delay and timestamps
    import string     # helps parse strings
    
    
    class AtlasI2C:
    	long_timeout = 1.5         	# the timeout needed to query readings and calibrations
    	short_timeout = .5         	# timeout for regular commands
    	default_bus = 1         	# the default bus for I2C on the newer Raspberry Pis, certain older boards use bus 0
    	default_address = 98     	# the default address for the sensor
    	current_addr = default_address
    
    	def __init__(self, address=default_address, bus=default_bus):
    		# open two file streams, one for reading and one for writing
    		# the specific I2C channel is selected with bus
    		# it is usually 1, except for older revisions where its 0
    		# wb and rb indicate binary read and write
    		self.file_read = io.open("/dev/i2c-"+str(bus), "rb", buffering=0)
    		self.file_write = io.open("/dev/i2c-"+str(bus), "wb", buffering=0)
    
    		# initializes I2C to either a user specified or default address
    		self.set_i2c_address(address)
    
    	def set_i2c_address(self, addr):
    		# set the I2C communications to the slave specified by the address
    		# The commands for I2C dev using the ioctl functions are specified in
    		# the i2c-dev.h file from i2c-tools
    		I2C_SLAVE = 0x703
    		fcntl.ioctl(self.file_read, I2C_SLAVE, addr)
    		fcntl.ioctl(self.file_write, I2C_SLAVE, addr)
    		self.current_addr = addr
    
    	def write(self, cmd):
    		# appends the null character and sends the string over I2C
    		cmd += "\00"
    		self.file_write.write(cmd)
    
    	def read(self, num_of_bytes=31):
    		# reads a specified number of bytes from I2C, then parses and displays the result
    		res = self.file_read.read(num_of_bytes)         # read from the board
    		response = filter(lambda x: x != '\x00', res)     # remove the null characters to get the response
    		if ord(response[0]) == 1:             # if the response isn't an error
    			# change MSB to 0 for all received characters except the first and get a list of characters
    			char_list = map(lambda x: chr(ord(x) & ~0x80), list(response[1:]))
    			# NOTE: having to change the MSB to 0 is a glitch in the raspberry pi, and you shouldn't have to do this!
    			return "Command succeeded " + ''.join(char_list)     # convert the char list to a string and returns it
    		else:
    			return "Error " + str(ord(response[0]))
    
    	def query(self, string):
    		# write a command to the board, wait the correct timeout, and read the response
    		self.write(string)
    
    		# the read and calibration commands require a longer timeout
    		if((string.upper().startswith("R")) or
    			(string.upper().startswith("CAL"))):
    			time.sleep(self.long_timeout)
    		elif string.upper().startswith("SLEEP"):
    			return "sleep mode"
    		else:
    			time.sleep(self.short_timeout)
    
    		return self.read()
    
    	def close(self):
    		self.file_read.close()
    		self.file_write.close()
    
    	def list_i2c_devices(self):
    		prev_addr = self.current_addr # save the current address so we can restore it after
    		i2c_devices = []
    		for i in range (0,128):
    			try:
    				self.set_i2c_address(i)
    				self.read()
    				i2c_devices.append(i)
    			except IOError:
    				pass
    		self.set_i2c_address(prev_addr) # restore the address we were using
    		return i2c_devices
    
    		
    def main():
    	device = AtlasI2C() 	# creates the I2C port object, specify the address or bus if necessary
    
    	print(">> Atlas Scientific sample code")
    	print(">> Any commands entered are passed to the board via I2C except:")
    	print(">>   List_addr lists the available I2C addresses.")
    	print(">>   Address,xx changes the I2C address the Raspberry Pi communicates with.")
    	print(">>   Poll,xx.x command continuously polls the board every xx.x seconds")
    	print(" where xx.x is longer than the %0.2f second timeout." % AtlasI2C.long_timeout)
    	print(">> Pressing ctrl-c will stop the polling")
    	
    	# main loop
    	while True:
    		input = raw_input("Enter command: ")
    
    		if input.upper().startswith("LIST_ADDR"):
    			devices = device.list_i2c_devices()
    			for i in range(len (devices)):
    				print devices[i]
    
    		# address command lets you change which address the Raspberry Pi will poll
    		elif input.upper().startswith("ADDRESS"):
    			addr = int(string.split(input, ',')[1])
    			device.set_i2c_address(addr)
    			print("I2C address set to " + str(addr))
    
    		# continuous polling command automatically polls the board
    		elif input.upper().startswith("POLL"):
    			delaytime = float(string.split(input, ',')[1])
    
    			# check for polling time being too short, change it to the minimum timeout if too short
    			if delaytime < AtlasI2C.long_timeout:
    				print("Polling time is shorter than timeout, setting polling time to %0.2f" % AtlasI2C.long_timeout)
    				delaytime = AtlasI2C.long_timeout
    
    			# get the information of the board you're polling
    			info = string.split(device.query("I"), ",")[1]
    			print("Polling %s sensor every %0.2f seconds, press ctrl-c to stop polling" % (info, delaytime))
    
    			try:
    				while True:
    					print(device.query("R"))
    					time.sleep(delaytime - AtlasI2C.long_timeout)
    			except KeyboardInterrupt: 		# catches the ctrl-c command, which breaks the loop above
    				print("Continuous polling stopped")
    
    		# if not a special keyword, pass commands straight to board
    		else:
    			if len(input) == 0:
    				print "Please input valid command."
    			else:
    				try:
    					print(device.query(input))
    				except IOError:
    					print("Query failed \n - Address may be invalid, use List_addr command to see available addresses")
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    	main()
    


  • @svonbentzel ffi is only need on a PC as link between the Python modules and C-lib code. For python scripts on a Pycom module, this is not available and not required. You have to adapt you initial scripts to deal directly with the PyCom hardware, using e.g. the machine.I2C lib for I2C.



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