@paulm I made the test with a baud rate of 115200 and 2048 byte and 10k data. With flow control enabled, nothing is lost. Without flow control, data is lost. But that is expected without flow control. If you send more data than the input ring buffer can take, while you not fetching it, then excess data is lost.
However, what I get is strange. I wait with reading until all data is sent. What I get then is 607 bytes from the first part of the message and about 100 bytes from the tail. And that is repeatable.
The other thing that puzzles me was that note,. that the UART buffer was extended to 4k. Looking into the code, mods/machuart.c, line 64, it says 512 byte plus the 128 byte FIFO of the chip. But still that should be OK for 480 bytes.
The Pycom code does nothing to UART besides the API. The actual data transfer is done through the esp-idf code. The only thing that could be changed is the RX buffer size.