hi @stefan85e,
Short between G28 and 3V3 it's for safe-boot (booting without executing micropython scrips or loading previous OTA firmware). This is not required.
Let's simplify and isolate problems.
upload scripts with Atom
Here make a simple print("hello") , no UART usage, yet; it should work
usage of UART class.
Here if you just want to output messages, print() method should be enough. UART 0 is already indirected to P0/P1, thru print(). The second UART (#1), it's for communicating with another device connected to the Expansion Board (not with the USB/FTDI chip).