@jmarcelino that fixed it. I can now upload my own firmware. Your fix of increasing the stack and putting listining mode in PASSIVE doesn't help though :-(. I'll see if I can go deeper into the scanning part. thanks for all the help Rolf

@livius Hi livius, That's work!, now I need to understand how work the "format" of the "pack" function and specialy "little and big-endian. Best regards Jiemde

@alvaroav Dear all, Some advances by the end of the week. I have tried from a clean code, just building a new program. I come back to the option to open the socket, send all data in a loop, and at the end of the loop, close the socket. I am not so sure why, BUT now the ENOMEM error just appears from time to time. Moreover, I don't need any server (blocking or non-blocking) running. Moreover, I place this exception into the loop, and allow me to "reconnect" and continue the program even if an error appers. flag = 1 Nerrors = 0; socketUDP = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) while (flag<200): time.sleep(0.05) data=bytes() data = data + b'counter = ' + bytes(str(flag),'utf-8') try: sent = socketUDP.sendto(data, addr) print(data) led.toggle() flag=flag+1 except OSError: Nerrors+=1 print('error ', Nerrors) continue socketUDP.close() I am thinking that the problem might come from the wifi connection to the router... I will check this next week. BR

@pkilcoyne Hello, my two cents about reading your topics, Basically if two lora module have same center Freq, same SF, same SYNCWORD (0x34 for lorawan and 0x12 for private lora), same coding rate, same IQ (IQ is inverted for lorawan and not inverted for private lora usally) and same HeaderSetup (implicit or explicit) the RX/TX work. I dont see where with lopy how we can set header mode, so i suppose it's always explicit ? In ERA-LORA it seem to be the same think (cannot set header mode so may be alway set a explicit?). They use "group ID" term instead of SYNCWORD, and they don't speak about IQ (so it's be supposed to be alway inverted ?) I suggest you to try inverting IQ in Lopy for RX and TX, set group ID to 12xx in era lora , be careful on how you select frequency on both module and try...may be it's change something. *I dont speak about header CRC mode setup it's a little bit fuzzy how it work.

@thomand1000 Have been looking at power consumption and have similar issues to what is reported here have 200mA in main program then 190 to 150 mA for 30 sec before dropping to deep sleep. In first cycle deep sleep current is 200 micro amps. In subsequent cycles the deep sleep current is 30 mA. Have tried turning everything off without change. Have same issue with LTE but don't have a SIM. Agree that things should not be instantiated by default but as required.

@Knoahlr as @rskoniec wrote do the following - i have modified two points : Check if you have all jumpers on the expansion board Unconnect (USB) WiPy/LoPy board from PC. Connect wire G23+GND. Connect the board (USB) to PC by shortest usb cable. Upgrade but unselect fast connection in upgrade tool. after sucessfull update unconnect the board (USB) from PC. Remove G23+GND wire. Connect the board (USB) to PC. Check f/w release with os.uname() you can try also at point 4 when you press upgrade button i upgrader tool or really shortly before press reset button on the board - this should work

Dear @constantinos, thanks a bunch for providing these examples about how to decode the LoRa frame using struct.unpack! We built upon that and gave a shot on a LoRa-to-HTTP gateway (gateway_lora_http_csv.py), which is forwarding data in CSV format to a HTTP endpoint, as this perfectly fits @Clemens' requirements. Maybe this can also spark your interest. For more details, please have a look at: Terkin for MicroPython source and Terkin for MicroPython at Hiveeyes Please be aware these are only drafts and haven't been run on any real Pycom iron yet. However, the simple demo programs run successfully in a »MicroPython for Unix« sandbox. As we don't know about the coverage of the installation requirements in the Pycom MicroPython environment, we would be happy to receive any feedback about this. There are also other examples e.g. for transmitting data using MQTT/JSON or by other means. A very basic MQTT example can be found at node_mqtt_json_basic.py. The intention and motto of this little telemetry framework is: Using micropython-uterkin, you can save a few lines of code and do simple things as well as more advanced ones using the very same telemetry library API, independent of transport protocol, acquisition channel address or serialization format. With kind regards, Andreas.

I have been working on the mlx90614 for the last day and can communicate successfully with 6 on an I2C bus, but am am receiving an overwhelming number of errors. Right now it hovers around 25% of attempts to read the sensor. I believe it could be related to a timing issue of the I2C communication in micropython. Some errors are the result of a bad read of the I2C data, which can be verified if you read the PEC byte after the data. The third byte should come back with a crc-8 value, but sometimes it comes back as 0xFF, as if the mlx90614 is one byte ahead of the lopy. The other error is related to readfrom_mem function in i2c. This error produces an OSError exception about every one in four attempts. In other mlx90614 libraries the flow for reading bytes is slightly more complicated, for example // send the slave address then the command and set any // error status bits returned by the write Wire.beginTransmission(_addr); Wire.write(cmd); _rwError |= (1 << Wire.endTransmission(false)) >> 1; // experimentally determined delay to prevent read errors // (manufacturer's data sheet has left something out) delayMicroseconds(30); // resend slave address then get the 3 returned bytes Wire.requestFrom(_addr, (uint8_t)3); // data is returned as 2 bytes little endian val = Wire.read(); val |= Wire.read() << 8; // read the PEC (CRC-8 of all bytes) _pec = Wire.read(); return val; Is there anyway to imitate this flow control? Using the above style code on an Arduino I receive no errors and do not have to do coding gymnastics to control errors.

Yep, Put a 10k and a 0.01uF on the RST to 3.3v and see almost no noise now on the RST pin. Went form running for less than 30 seconds to... well it just seems to keep working now. I am pretty sure the is the same issue, wanted to post to help people like myself in the future.

@bucknall i have the same problem of @moenad OTTA with nanogateway, (but not with Conduit for example). Could you find any solution to this?

@robert-hh I did not use the expansion board, my LoPy is on a "wired" model (i.e. holed experiment board with soldered wires) so I can in this phase of the battle easily change things without requiring a new layout. For the I2C bus a wire connection of some 3 cm should make no difference with a PCB trace, I think. I tried also lower clock rates (down to 10 kHz) but the capacitive load still seems to be too much... Let me check again with a normal oscilloscope probe, like you did.

@danielm Not that I know of. Personally - but I'm no RF expert - I'd just stick the known values into an online calculator such as https://www.eeweb.com/toolbox/pi-match

@fuzzy OK. here is a variant of the fist version which counts down the total duration every second: from machine import Pin, Timer, idle DEFAULT_HIGH = const(2) DEFAULT_LOW = const(4) DEFAULT_DURATION = const(10) class BLINK: def __init__(self, pin, high = DEFAULT_HIGH, low = DEFAULT_LOW, duration = DEFAULT_DURATION): self.start(pin, high, low, duration) def start(self, pin, high, low, duration): self.pin = pin self.times = [high, low] self.duration = duration self.state = 0 self.count = self.times[self.state] self.pin(self.state) self.timer = Timer.Alarm(self.timerCallback, 1.0, periodic=True) def timerCallback(self, timer): self.duration -= 1 if self.duration <= 0: self.pin(0) # or whatever final state you like self.stop() else: self.count -= 1 if self.count <= 0: self.state = 1 - self.state self.count = self.times[self.state] self.pin(self.state) def stop(self): self.timer.cancel() def run(): pin = Pin("P5", mode=Pin.OUT) blink = BLINK(pin, 1, 1, 10) while blink.duration > 0: idle() run()

@robert-hh said in External SD Card: """ MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus. Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin. Provides readblocks and writeblocks methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem. Example usage on xxPy: import machine, sdcard, os sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9")) os.mount(sd, '/sd2') os.listdir('/sd2') """ from micropython import const import time _CMD_TIMEOUT = const(100) _R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0) #R1_ERASE_RESET = const(1 << 1) _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2) #R1_COM_CRC_ERROR = const(1 << 3) #R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR = const(1 << 4) #R1_ADDRESS_ERROR = const(1 << 5) #R1_PARAMETER_ERROR = const(1 << 6) _TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xfc) _TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xfd) _TOKEN_DATA = const(0xfe) class SDCard: def __init__(self, spi, cs): self.spi = spi self.cs = cs self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6) self.dummybuf = bytearray(512) for i in range(512): self.dummybuf[i] = 0xff self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf) # initialise the card self.init_card() def init_spi(self, baudrate): master = self.spi.MASTER self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0) def init_card(self): # init CS pin self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1) # init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialisation self.init_spi(100000) # clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high for i in range(16): self.spi.write(b'\xff') # CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts) for _ in range(5): if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE: break else: raise OSError("no SD card") # CMD8: determine card version r = self.cmd(8, 0x01aa, 0x87, 4) if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE: self.init_card_v2() elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND): self.init_card_v1() else: raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version") # get the number of sectors # CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read) if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0: raise OSError("no response from SD card") csd = bytearray(16) self.readinto(csd) if csd[0] & 0xc0 != 0x40: raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported") self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 2014 #print('sectors', self.sectors) # CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0: raise OSError("can't set 512 block size") # set to high data rate now that it's initialised #self.init_spi(100000) #self.init_spi(40000000) def init_card_v1(self): for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): self.cmd(55, 0, 0) if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0: self.cdv = 512 #print("[SDCard] v1 card") return raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card") def init_card_v2(self): for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): time.sleep_ms(50) self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4) self.cmd(55, 0, 0) if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0: self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4) self.cdv = 1 #print("[SDCard] v2 card") return raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card") def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True): self.cs(0) # create and send the command buf = self.cmdbuf buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd buf[1] = arg >> 24 buf[2] = arg >> 16 buf[3] = arg >> 8 buf[4] = arg buf[5] = crc self.spi.write(buf) # wait for the response (response[7] == 0) for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): response = self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] if not (response & 0x80): # this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here for j in range(final): self.spi.write(b'\xff') if release: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return response # timeout self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return -1 def cmd_nodata(self, cmd): self.spi.write(cmd) self.spi.read(1, write=0xff) # ignore stuff byte for _ in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): if self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] == 0xff: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return 0 # OK self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return 1 # timeout def readinto(self, buf): self.cs(0) # read until start byte (0xff) while self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] != 0xfe: pass # read data mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview[:len(buf)] self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf) # read checksum self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def write(self, token, buf): self.cs(0) # send: start of block, data, checksum self.spi.read(1, token) self.spi.write(buf) self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.spi.write(b'\xff') # check the response if (self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] & 0x1f) != 0x05: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return # wait for write to finish while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0: pass self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def write_token(self, token): self.cs(0) self.spi.read(1, token) self.spi.write(b'\xff') # wait for write to finish while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0x00: pass self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def count(self): return self.sectors def readblocks(self, block_num, buf): nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512) assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid' if nblocks == 1: # CMD17: set read address for single block if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # receive the data self.readinto(buf) else: # CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 offset = 0 mv = memoryview(buf) while nblocks: self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512]) offset += 512 nblocks -= 1 return self.cmd_nodata(b'\x0c') # cmd 12 return 0 def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf): nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512) assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid' if nblocks == 1: # CMD24: set write address for single block if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # send the data self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf) else: # CMD25: set write address for first block if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # send the data offset = 0 mv = memoryview(buf) while nblocks: self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512]) offset += 512 nblocks -= 1 self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN) return 0 I know this is a bit old but I just got an SD card module (https://www.sparkfun.com/products/13743) and was trying to get it working with my FiPy. I was running into a lot of issues but was able to make some headway using the library you pasted @robert-hh and thought I would share my results in case other people wanted to get it working. However, I did have some errors with the library and had to make the following changes: The pins you used are not the default pins for the SPI init call. So I created my own SPI instance with the pin allocation you had in the post (since I already had them like that) and passed that instance into the SDCard constructor rather than machine.SPI(0). I also removed the additional spi init calls. I had to set the SPI baudrate to 1000000 instead of 100000 I had to declare the CS pin as an instance outside of the library and pass it in similar to the SPI above. The command to check idle state at the start of the library self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) would never return a value of 1. I don't know where the reference of these commands were but testing the other commands manually all returned values as expected. So I commented out the entire block that checks for the SD card or raises the 'no SD card' error. I found that I still need to run this command regardless, I get the same set of (4?) different values that repeat each time it is called. They never equal 1 but I let the code continue and command out the error block. Not calling the 0x95 command will not allow the next set of command to work correctly. Doing the above I have gotten my external SD card board working fine with the FiPy. For reference below are my library and how I call it. """ MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus. Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin. Provides readblocks and writeblocks methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem. Example usage on xxPy: import machine, sdcard, os sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin("P9")) os.mount(sd, '/sd2') os.listdir('/sd2') """ from micropython import const import time _CMD_TIMEOUT = const(100) _R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0) #R1_ERASE_RESET = const(1 << 1) _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2) #R1_COM_CRC_ERROR = const(1 << 3) #R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR = const(1 << 4) #R1_ADDRESS_ERROR = const(1 << 5) #R1_PARAMETER_ERROR = const(1 << 6) _TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xfc) _TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xfd) _TOKEN_DATA = const(0xfe) class SDCard: def __init__(self, spi, cs): self.spi = spi self.cs = cs self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6) self.dummybuf = bytearray(512) for i in range(512): self.dummybuf[i] = 0xff self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf) # initialise the card self.init_card() def init_spi(self, baudrate): master = self.spi.MASTER self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0) def init_card(self): # init CS pin #self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=0) # init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialisation #self.init_spi(100000) # clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high for i in range(16): self.spi.write(b'\xff') # CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts) for _ in range(5): if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE: break ''' else: raise OSError("no SD card") ''' # CMD8: determine card version r = self.cmd(8, 0x01aa, 0x87, 4) if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE: self.init_card_v2() elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND): self.init_card_v1() else: raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version") # get the number of sectors # CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read) if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0: raise OSError("no response from SD card") csd = bytearray(16) self.readinto(csd) if csd[0] & 0xc0 != 0x40: raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported") self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 2014 #print('sectors', self.sectors) # CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0: raise OSError("can't set 512 block size") # set to high data rate now that it's initialised #self.init_spi(100000) #self.init_spi(40000000) def init_card_v1(self): for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): self.cmd(55, 0, 0) if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0: self.cdv = 512 #print("[SDCard] v1 card") return raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card") def init_card_v2(self): for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): time.sleep_ms(50) self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4) self.cmd(55, 0, 0) if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0: self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4) self.cdv = 1 #print("[SDCard] v2 card") return raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card") def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True): self.cs(0) # create and send the command buf = self.cmdbuf buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd buf[1] = arg >> 24 buf[2] = arg >> 16 buf[3] = arg >> 8 buf[4] = arg buf[5] = crc self.spi.write(buf) # wait for the response (response[7] == 0) for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): response = self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] if not (response & 0x80): # this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here for j in range(final): self.spi.write(b'\xff') if release: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return response # timeout self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return -1 def cmd_nodata(self, cmd): self.spi.write(cmd) self.spi.read(1, write=0xff) # ignore stuff byte for _ in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT): if self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] == 0xff: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return 0 # OK self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return 1 # timeout def readinto(self, buf): self.cs(0) # read until start byte (0xff) while self.spi.read(1, write=0xff)[0] != 0xfe: pass # read data mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview[:len(buf)] self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf) # read checksum self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def write(self, token, buf): self.cs(0) # send: start of block, data, checksum self.spi.read(1, token) self.spi.write(buf) self.spi.write(b'\xff') self.spi.write(b'\xff') # check the response if (self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] & 0x1f) != 0x05: self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') return # wait for write to finish while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0: pass self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def write_token(self, token): self.cs(0) self.spi.read(1, token) self.spi.write(b'\xff') # wait for write to finish while self.spi.read(1, 0xff)[0] == 0x00: pass self.cs(1) self.spi.write(b'\xff') def count(self): return self.sectors def readblocks(self, block_num, buf): nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512) assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid' if nblocks == 1: # CMD17: set read address for single block if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # receive the data self.readinto(buf) else: # CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 offset = 0 mv = memoryview(buf) while nblocks: self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512]) offset += 512 nblocks -= 1 return self.cmd_nodata(b'\x0c') # cmd 12 return 0 def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf): nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512) assert nblocks and not err, 'Buffer length is invalid' if nblocks == 1: # CMD24: set write address for single block if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # send the data self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf) else: # CMD25: set write address for first block if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0: return 1 # send the data offset = 0 mv = memoryview(buf) while nblocks: self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512]) offset += 512 nblocks -= 1 self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN) return 0 from machine import SPI from machine import Pin import machine, sdcard, os spi = SPI(0, mode=SPI.MASTER, baudrate=1000000, polarity=0, phase=0, pins=('P10','P11','P12')) cs = Pin('P9', Pin.OUT) sd = sdcard.SDCard(spi, cs) os.mount(sd, "/card") I could probably tidy up the library to initialise the SPI and CS properly internally but this got me going at least.

@livius Yes, I had a similar thought, it makes sense with the RTC as there are similarly named Pycom API modules I imagine it might clash with, but that still doesn't explain why it failed suddenly overnight. It might be a mixture of things. There is no LCD module in the Pycom documentation as far as I am aware so this is still a mystery as well. I will have to be more obscure with my naming systems ;)

Yes @jcaron , I cleaned up everything and made the process all over again a couple of times. Same result every time. I haven't checked out the suggestion of @Xykon yet. For the moment I have given up with pycom (my final objective is to implement a nanogateway able to operate with downlink messages), and I am using a multitech gateway and microchip nodes for my project because I need to move on, and the process with pycom as gateway is way too complicated and time consuming. However, I will return to this subject as soon as possible.

Got it. Thanks @seb and @jcaron for all your help !